收到貓頭鷹出版社來函,討論到讀者的反應:
今日看到有讀者反映《女性主義經典選讀》
他覺得巴特勒應該沒有這個意思,應該不是自我認同二元性別。
因此想跟您確認此事。
讀者擷取段落如附件,請您看看。
JB: Gender Trouble was written about 24 years ago, and at that time I did not think well enough about trans issues. Some trans people thought that in claiming that gender is performative that I was saying that it is all a fiction, and that a person’s felt sense of gender was therefore “unreal.” That was never my intention. I sought to expand our sense of what gender realities could be. But I think I needed to pay more attention to what people feel, how the primary experience of the body is registered, and the quite urgent and legitimate demand to have those aspects of sex recognized and supported. I did not mean to argue that gender is fluid and changeable (mine certainly is not). I only meant to say that we should all have greater freedoms to define and pursue our lives without pathologization, de-realization, harassment, threats of violence, violence, and criminalization. I join in the struggle to realize such a world.
以下是我請Gemini對上段做的中譯
JB: 人們關於這些問題所說的大部分內容,多半都帶有推測性質。我知道,某些關於性(sex)的主觀經驗是非常堅實、根本,甚至不可改變的。它們可以堅固、恆常到讓我們稱之為「天生(innate)」。但考慮到我們是在一個社會世界中去敘述這種自我感——在這個世界裡,我們試圖用語言來表達我們的感受——目前還不清楚什麼樣的語言能最有效地做到這一點。我明白「天生」這個詞傳達了一種內嵌(hard-wired)與構成性(constitutive)的含意。我想我會傾向去思考,是否有其他詞彙也能同樣很好地表達這個意思。我一向不喜歡那種認為女性或黑人「天生」低人一等的斷言;我明白當人們試圖那樣說話時,他們是在試圖將一種「社會現實」固定為一種「自然必然性」。然而,有時我們確實需要一種語言,來指涉我們是誰的某個基本、根本、持久且必要的維度,而「性化身體體現(sexed embodiment)」的感受,恰恰就可以是如此。
以下是我的原文:
巴特勒是二十世紀末影響力強大的酷兒理論家,她於1990及1993年在其著作《性別麻煩》(Gender Trouble)和《至關重要的身體》(Bodies that Matter)中闡述「性別操演」(gender
performativity),本文原譯為「性別的述行性」,也有人譯為「性別表演或展演」,本書採用的性別操演是台灣較通行的用法。主張性別是重複性的表演,隨時間更新、修改、鞏固的動態過程,受到社會規範制約,逐漸內化,而看似自然。巴特勒主張性別非本質化和性欲自由流動,奠立了酷兒理論的基礎。
相較於前二書關心個人性別的形成過程,《消解性別》注重跨性別、變性、雙性人的社會處境,以個人在社會生活中對承認的渴求為論述核心。在此書中,巴特勒不再堅持顛覆社會規範,並指出人需要生活在與他人的互動和關係中,需要得到承認。而個人應一方面務實考慮社會規範,為自己做理性選擇,同時也應對規範保持批判,消解「正常」觀念,給予差異個人生存空間。
2015年11月巴特勒在接受跨性倡導者(TransAdvocate)訪問時表示,她主張人人應自由定義和追求自己的人生,自主選擇性別,不致被疾病化、去真實化、騷擾、暴力威脅、暴力對待或犯罪化,但並不主張性別必定是流動的和可以改變的,她自己的性別就確定從未改變過。(顧燕翎◎撰文)
以下是我的回答:
JB: Gender Trouble was written about 24 years ago, and at that time I did not think well enough about trans issues. Some trans people thought that in claiming that gender is performative that I was saying that it is all a fiction, and that a person’s felt sense of gender was therefore “unreal.” That was never my intention. I sought to expand our sense of what gender realities could be. But I think I needed to pay more attention to what people feel, how the primary experience of the body is registered, and the quite urgent and legitimate demand to have those aspects of sex recognized and supported. I did not mean to argue that gender is fluid and changeable (mine certainly is not). I only meant to say that we should all have greater freedoms to define and pursue our lives without pathologization, de-realization, harassment, threats of violence, violence, and criminalization. I join in the struggle to realize such a world.
JB:《性別惑亂》(Gender Trouble)大約是在24年前寫成的,
但我認為,我當時需要更去關注人們的感受、
另外附上我最近寫的兩篇關於性別的文章, 有發表在關鍵評論網。
http://feminist-original.
http://feminist-original.
註:1關鍵評論網 將"權力"改為"權利",是一個錯誤。
2 有些人將Butler 的人稱用they或他們,我非常不喜歡用複數來表示單數,也不喜歡用ta來表示他或她。所以用"其"來代替。




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